- XHR, text transfer, image data encoded as Base64. (traffic+, server load+, client load-)
- XHR2, binary transfer, encoded to Base64 on client-side. (traffic-, server load, client load+)
- PngImage, command-stream encoded in image and extracted with getImageData. Should be fast, but causes browsers to crash and eat tons of memory - so not benchmarked for now. (traffic-, server load-, client load?)
All in all, its amazing in how many ways things can be done - all of them beeing suboptimal. I have to render an image to a canvas (which can cause precission loss) to be able to access its pixel-values. Even if I have the binary data in a ArrayBuffer, I have to pass image-data using data-URIs - that sucks.
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What kind of format are you using in the first 2 cases? /me thinks some kind of JPEG format might be appropriate (it wouldn't be supper high quality, but a high quality JPEG might be good enough and cheaper than PNG). Also, have you turned GZIP server side? Make sure the request also requests for it.
I was using PNG for all cases, as JPEG is not really suitable for what I am doing.
GZIP is disabled for performance reasons (the benchmark focuses completly on client-side).
I've worked on my own image format using RLE compression, which yields good results. Server-side compression is extremly fast (~800mb/s on my laptop), and the format is simple enough to be decoded using javascript on the browser side.
With typical Swing applications, image-size is about 1.5-2.0x of the same image compressed as Png.
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